Sweatt, a black man, worked as a Texas postal worker. Here is yet another example of separate but equal doctrine being debated by the U.S. Separate But Equal Example Involving a Black College Applicant The Court held that, not only was racial segregation legal, but there was no violation of Plessy’s constitutional rights because there was no significant difference in the railcars’ quality. The Court ultimately ruled overwhelmingly in favor of the state of Louisiana. The Court agreed to hear the case and then had to decide whether the Separate Car Act truly violated individuals’ rights under the 14th Amendment. Plessy and the Committee then took the case to the U.S. Plessy then appealed to the Supreme Court of Louisiana, which upheld the lower court’s ruling. The trial judge ruled that the state of Louisiana had the right to regulate its own railroads, and convicted Plessy and ordered him to pay a $25 fine. Trial and AppealĪt trial, Plessy’s lawyers argued that the separate but equal doctrine violated their client’s rights under the 13th Amendment and 14th Amendment. The railroad company knew in advance of Plessy’s plan, and had a detective arrest Plessy after Plessy refused to vacate the car. The Committee asked Plessy to sit in a “whites only” car on the train, and he obliged. Plessy was 1/8 black, but that was enough to declare him legally black under the law. In 1892, Homer Plessy challenged the Act after a group of New Orleans residents called the Comité des Citoyens (“Committee of Citizens”) approached him about joining their cause. The Separate Car Act dictated that blacks and whites were to ride in separate cars when they rode the train. Around this time, the state of Louisiana passed the Separate Car Act. Ferguson was a landmark case decided by the U.S. As for the 14th Amendment, Plessy argued that the laws dictating what individuals could not do based on race denied the very principles the 14th Amendment sought to uphold. This essentially made them subservient to white individuals under the law. Plessy argued that the doctrine was oppressing blacks’ rights under the 13th Amendment by forcing them to comply with white regulations. Ferguson, the Plaintiff – Homer Plessy – argued that the separate but equal doctrine violated both of these rights. The 14th Amendment guarantees all American citizens equal protection under the law. The 13th Amendment of the Constitution abolished slavery, with the exception being the use of slavery as punishment for a crime.
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